Development And Controversy Of Charging Standards

In October 2011, seven major automotive companies in the United States and Germany announced that their electric vehicles would be tested with unified charging port standards. These seven companies are Audi, BMW, Daimler, Ford, General Motors, Porsche, and Volkswagen. Subsequently, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) announced that it had designed a plug that could be suitable for both primary and secondary charging standards. The three-level DC fast charging can fully charge your electric vehicle battery in 15 minutes. In the case of secondary charging (110 volts in the United States), the charging time is approximately 4-6 hours depending on the vehicle model. These seven companies have reached an agreed standard for charging sockets, which is also compatible with SAE's J1722 charging standard and European IEC 62196 Class II sockets.
These seven European and American car companies have unanimously agreed to use the HomePlug GP interface technology of the Home Power Line Network Alliance as a common transmission protocol, which allows charging to be integrated into the future smart grid. The HomePlug Power Line Alliance is composed of semiconductor companies, utility companies, marketing companies, and other types of companies. Members include various international companies, such as Cisco, France Telecom, China Huawei, etc. These companies collaborate to develop, produce, and promote new technologies and applications that can enhance power networks and connections.
The Chademo standard DC fast charging station can charge up to 80% in 30 minutes. This type of fast charging device is obviously more popular than ordinary secondary charging piles, but its operation requires an instantaneous power of 50 kilowatts from the power grid, which has raised concerns about grid pressure. Therefore, the Chademo standard DC fast charging is not a solution for ordinary household charging. The SAE charging standard uses HomePlug GP technology to distribute household electricity reasonably, ensuring that household appliances are not disturbed [4]. Wireless transmission technology is a technology that utilizes wireless technology to transmit electrical energy, and various countries are developing such wireless charging devices.
In September 2022, scientists from Harvard University developed a new type of solid-state lithium-metal battery for electric vehicles (EVs). The battery achieved complete charging within 3 minutes in experiments, could be cycled more than 10000 times over its lifespan, and could last for 20 years. In October, researchers at Pennsylvania State University in the United States designed a new battery structure that completes electric vehicle charging in ten minutes